A business bridge loan is a short-term financing solution that provides immediate capital to cover temporary cash flow gaps while waiting for a specific incoming payment or funding event.
These loans typically last 3-12 months and are secured by business assets like accounts receivable, inventory, or equipment. The global small business loan market was valued at $2.5 trillion in 2023 and is projected to reach $7.2 trillion by 2032, representing a compound annual growth rate of 13.0%.
Business owners often face situations where cash flow is tight or large expenses arise before expected funds arrive. Traditional loans or lines of credit aren't always suitable, especially when the timeline is short or the need is temporary. In these scenarios, a business bridge loan provides a strategic solution.
This guide covers business bridge financing (accounts receivable, purchase orders, inventory, equipment, M&A, and SBA takeouts for commercial purposes only, not consumer mortgages or home purchases.
Bridge financing for business helps companies cover gaps between outgoing payments and incoming funds. This solution is particularly valuable in industries where delays commonly occur between delivering goods or services and receiving payment. Bridge loan volume increased by a substantial 30% when comparing January through August periods of 2023 and 2024, indicating genuine market demand and lender capacity expansion.
- Typical term: 3–12 months
- Speed to fund (with complete documentation): ~2–10 business days
- Common collateral: accounts receivable, inventory, equipment (via UCC-1; specific-asset or blanket)
- Illustrative advance rates: AR 70–90%, inventory 30–60%, equipment 50–70% of orderly liquidation value
- Fees (illustrative): origination 1–5%, due diligence/field exam $0–$7,500+, extension 0.5–2%, exit 0–2%
What Is a Business Bridge Loan?
A business bridge loan is a short-term form of capital that helps a company manage a temporary gap in cash flow. These loans "bridge" the period between an immediate financial need and a future expected inflow, such as collecting accounts receivable, closing a long-term loan, or receiving payment on a large order.
This type of financing is also called bridge financing for business or interim business financing. It's typically used when funds are required quickly and the business expects repayment from a specific, anticipated event within a short timeframe. Business bridge loans differ from longer-term loans and serve commercial purposes only.
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How Business Bridge Financing Works
Business bridge financing is secured by business assets such as accounts receivable, inventory, or equipment. Lenders may require a specific-asset lien (where only certain assets are pledged as collateral) or a blanket UCC-1 filing (which covers all business assets). Most lenders establish a borrowing base that determines the available loan amount based on eligible collateral and applicable advance rates. Personal guarantees from business owners are typically required.
The typical term for a business bridge loan ranges from three to twelve months. Repayment comes from a defined event, such as collecting receivables, funding of an SBA loan, payment of a purchase order or invoice, or closing longer-term financing.
Payment structures include:
- Interest-only monthly payments: The borrower pays only the interest each month (best for businesses with a clear exit date)
- Weekly interest payments: Interest is paid weekly instead of monthly (best for improving cash flow visibility)
- Fixed periodic remittances: Regular payments of a set amount (best for predictable budgeting)
- Balloon payment: The entire loan amount is repaid at the end of the term (best when exit funding is guaranteed)
Exit Strategy and Takeout
Repayment of a business bridge loan depends on a clear exit strategy. The defined exit event is usually documented before funding occurs, often with an intercreditor agreement if multiple lenders are involved.
Common exit strategies include:
- Closing of an SBA 7(a) or 504 loan
- Collection of accounts receivable (AR aging)
- Payment for a purchase order (PO) or invoice
- Seasonal cash flow improvement
- Refinancing into a longer-term loan or equipment loan
- Closing of an M&A financing event
When Businesses Use Bridge Loans
Businesses use bridge loans to cover cash flow gaps when waiting for customer payments or insurance reimbursements. This funding keeps operations running until those funds arrive.
Companies also use bridge loans to purchase inventory ahead of busy seasons or to prepay suppliers to secure better pricing. This approach helps businesses prepare for increased demand or capture cost savings.
Some businesses use bridge loans to begin work on a purchase order or contract before reaching an invoiceable milestone, covering initial expenses until the customer payment is triggered.
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Other common uses include:
- Time-sensitive opportunities: Auctions, bulk-buy discounts, or acquiring distressed assets
- M&A transactions: Making deposits or covering closing costs while waiting for permanent financing
- Bridge to SBA: Supporting operations while waiting for an SBA loan to close
Requirements and Eligibility
Eligibility factors:
- Time in business (typically 1+ years preferred)
- Revenue and cash-flow trends (stable or growing)
- AR quality and customer concentrations
- Inventory turns and marketability
- Collateral value and liquidation potential
- DSCR/cash coverage (typically 1.15x or higher)
- Personal guarantee requirement
- Exit proof (SBA term sheet, PO/contract, LOI)
Lenders review how long the business has been operating, its industry, and whether revenue is steady, increasing, or declining. Recent bank statements (typically covering 3-6 months) are examined to verify financial activity and cash management.
Ability to repay is evaluated using the debt service coverage ratio (DSCR), which compares operating income to debt obligations. Lenders assess how the business will cover interest payments from operations.
Collateral requirements include:
- Accounts receivable: AR aging reports showing outstanding customer invoices
- Inventory: Lists and valuations of goods held for sale
- Equipment: Schedules and appraisals of business machinery or tools
Borrowing Base Calculator: Availability = Advance rate × Eligible collateral − Reserves
Example: With $500,000 in eligible AR at 80% advance rate and $50,000 reserves, availability would be $350,000.
Evidence of a clear exit strategy is required. Examples include a term sheet for an SBA loan, signed purchase orders or contracts, updated accounts receivable aging, or signed letters of intent for mergers and acquisitions.
Personal guarantees are typically expected from owners of closely held or privately owned businesses, making the owner personally responsible if the business cannot repay the loan.
How to Get a Business Bridge Loan
Timeline with Fundwell:
- Digital discovery (same day): Quick online application to understand your needs and match you with optimal bridge financing options
- Digital documentation (same day): Streamlined submission of required materials through our secure portal with real-time guidance
- Term sheet (24-48 hours): Reviewing and accepting preliminary terms precisely tailored to your business situation
- Expedited diligence/UCC (1-3 days): Verification and legal filing preparation with Fundwell's advanced digital process
- Close & fund (24-48 hours): E-signing final documents and receiving funds through Fundwell's extensive lender network
- Extensions (if needed): Typically requires updated financials and additional fees, which Fundwell's platform simplifies and manages efficiently
First, clarify the loan purpose by identifying the specific funding gap, how long funds will be needed, and what event will provide repayment. Fundwell can help you articulate this clearly to determine the optimal structure and timing of your bridge loan.
Next, collect the required business documents with Fundwell's guidance:
- Recent bank statements (usually 90-180 days)
- Year-to-date profit and loss statements and balance sheets
- Accounts receivable aging reports
- Inventory reports
- Purchase orders or contracts related to the funding gap
- Corporate documentation
- Details about collateral such as equipment schedules
After preparing documentation, Fundwell helps you navigate available lending options through our extensive network of specialized bridge loan providers. Our partners include experts in accounts receivable financing, purchase order financing, SBA bridge loans, M&A bridge financing, and equipment-backed loans.
Fundwell coordinates the underwriting and due diligence process, including UCC searches for existing liens, collateral review, and field examinations when necessary. Our team works to expedite this process while ensuring thoroughness.
Once underwriting is complete and your loan is approved, Fundwell guides you through closing. You'll receive funds quickly, and we'll help you track progress toward the exit event that will repay the loan, providing support throughout the entire financing lifecycle.
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Bridge Loan Rates and Terms
The total cost of capital for a bridge loan often exceeds the nominal rate. For example, on a $250,000 loan for 6 months at 2% monthly interest with a 3% origination fee, the effective annual rate would be approximately 28-30% when all fees are considered. This higher cost reflects the short-term nature and specialized underwriting required for bridge financing.
Extension Impact: A 3-month extension on a $250,000 loan with a 1.5% extension fee and 2% monthly interest would add $3,750 in extension fees plus $15,000 in additional interest, increasing total financing cost by $18,750.
Business bridge loan rates are typically higher than traditional bank term loans. Pricing factors include transaction risk, collateral type and quality, lender's lien position, and funding speed.
Common fees include:
- Origination fee: Charged for setting up and funding the loan
- Due diligence fee: Covers verification of financial and collateral information
- UCC filing fee: For filing legal notice of the lender's interest in business assets
- Appraisal fee: For valuations of collateral
- Extension fee: If the loan term is lengthened
- Exit fee: Sometimes charged when the loan is paid off
Terms for business bridge loans are generally short, usually between three and twelve months. Extensions beyond the original term may be available, often tied to reaching specific milestones or progress toward an exit event.
Alternatives to Business Bridge Loans
Several other funding options can address different capital needs. Each alternative has specific requirements, costs, and use cases.
A business line of credit offers flexible access to funds up to a set limit and works well for managing cash flow or covering ongoing expenses. Invoice factoring involves selling outstanding invoices for immediate cash and is ideal when waiting on customer payments.
Purchase order financing provides funds to pay suppliers for goods needed to fulfill customer orders, with repayment coming from invoice proceeds when the customer pays. Term loans, including SBA 7(a) and 504 loans, are traditional loans with fixed repayment schedules used for purchasing equipment, refinancing debt, or business expansion.
Other alternatives include:
- Equipment financing: Allows purchasing or leasing equipment with the equipment as collateral
- Revenue-based financing: Provides funding in exchange for a percentage of future sales
Each funding option has different qualifications and suits specific situations, depending on the business's assets, revenue patterns, and funding urgency.
Frequently Asked Questions About Business Bridge Loans
Can I qualify for a business bridge loan without real estate collateral?
Yes, you can qualify without real estate collateral. Lenders routinely accept business assets such as accounts receivable, inventory, or equipment as collateral instead of property. The advance rate will vary based on the quality and liquidity of these assets, with AR typically receiving the highest advance rates (70-90%).
How fast can a business bridge loan fund?
With complete documentation, business bridge loans can fund in as few as 2-10 business days. Simple structures secured by quality accounts receivable can close faster, while deals requiring equipment appraisals or field exams may take longer. The clearer your exit strategy, the faster the process typically moves.
What collateral works for business bridge loans?
The most common collateral types are accounts receivable (using AR aging reports), inventory (with valuation based on turnover and marketability), and equipment (valued at orderly liquidation value). Lenders secure these assets through UCC-1 filings, either as specific-asset liens or blanket liens covering all business assets.
Will I need a personal guarantee for a business bridge loan?
Most lenders require a personal guarantee from business owners, especially for closely held companies. This guarantee makes the owner personally responsible if the business cannot repay the loan. Some lenders may reduce or waive this requirement for larger businesses with strong balance sheets or when highly liquid collateral exceeds the loan amount.
What happens if my business cannot repay the bridge loan on time?
If the exit event is delayed, your business may face additional interest payments, extension fees (typically 0.5-2% of the outstanding balance), and possibly default rates. Lenders generally request an updated repayment plan and may require additional collateral. Most bridge loan agreements include specific terms for handling delays, which should be reviewed before funding.